At the eleventh hour of the eleventh day
of the eleventh month in 1918, an armistice went into effect between the armed
forces of the Central Powers and those of the Allied Nations. And thus ended,
not with a bang but a whimper, the worst systematic slaughter the world had
seen up until that time.
From August 1914 until November 1918
around 8.5
million soldiers of the
various armies and navies were killed, and another 21 million wounded. Maybe
six million civilians were
killed and I don’t have figures for further collateral damage.
I’m also not counting the death toll from
the 1918-1919 influenza pandemic, or the Russian Civil War, both of which are
related to the conflagration.
World War I was one of those appalling
confluences of technology, politics, idiocy and willful refusal by those in
positions of power to view the world as it really was and not as they
expected or wanted it to be. Among the worst offenders were the military
commanders, the generals, the field marshals, the planners and the strategists.
What they essentially ignored was the fact
that the invention and implementation of the machine gun gave the tactical
advantage to the defensive, and that the frontal charge, even by mobile troops
like cavalry, simply couldn’t work against entrenched forces with this new
technology.
Every time I revisit this war, in books,
in film or TV or on the battlefields, I’m poleaxed all over again at the utter
blindness and criminal stubbornness of the professionals whose business it was
to send men into battle for a purpose (to win battles, gain territory, destroy
enemy armies, ,bring about some change). Because again and again they proved
Einstein’s definition of insanity: doing the same thing over and over again,
expecting different results.
And, frankly, it’s not like they didn’t
see it coming. There were European military observers at many of the battles of
the US War Between the States, when the prototypical use of entrenchments and
rapid fire indicated things to come. And at the battle of Port Arthur in
the Russo-Japanese war of 1904-05, western military observers practically
outnumbered the combatants and saw first-hand what happens when infantry
charges machine gun emplacements. (Among the observers were Ian Hamilton, later
to command the British debacle at Gallipoli; John J. Pershing, commander of the
American Expeditionary Force; and Douglas MacArthur. Don’t get me started on
MacArthur.)
The First World War is a nightmare of
pitched battles and wholesale slaughter, repeated again and again throughout a
four-year night. It exhausted nations, natural resources, gene pools and
national political and moral fiber. It left a legacy of open wounds,
disillusion, broken dreams and broken faith, and I don’t think we’ve
fully recovered from it 92 years on.
The problem is, in my view, that we
haven’t really learned from it, although we’ve been paying for it all along.
Old men were too traumatized by 1914-18 to step up to the plate in 1933 in
Manchuria or 1938 in Munich to scotch the snake (which by then was armed with
20 years of improved weaponry, like tanks and tactical fighter-bombers; as well
as ideologies that would have wilted the moustaches of Wilhelm II or Franz
Josef I). Willfully blind to the realities of Stalin’s rule, western leaders
gave away the farm in Eastern Europe, and then gathered to their bosom
surviving Nazis to help fight the Cold War. (And, 80 years beyond that, now we
have technologies including satellite navigation, drones, handheld missile
launchers, dirty bombs, assault rifles and mass communications undreamt of 100
years ago. And nuclear devices.)
We've even got bona fide Nazis guiding policies in our own government.
And then there’s the situation in the Middle
East. All the result of or exacerbated by that Great War, and all living on
beyond the eleventh hour of the eleventh day of the eleventh month in 1918.
You notice I’m short on any answers to
these situations. Me—I start by remembering.
©2025 Bas Bleu