In
honor of the centenary of America’s entry into World War I, let’s have a poem
about America, and that war; and about the kind of patriotic posturing and jingoism
we’re seeing around us, from the top down.
And
who better than to serve that up on a hard and harshly-lit platter than e.e.
cummings? In 1917 Cummings enlisted in the Ambulance Corps, with John Dos
Passos. The two enjoyed the company of French soldiers over American ambulance
drivers, and their letters home expressed anti-war sentiments, including lack
of hatred for Germans. He and another friend were arrested in September, on
suspicion of espionage and “undesirable” activities. Cummings’ father appealed
to President Wilson, who intervened; he was freed in December and returned to
the US at the beginning of 1818.
(Cummings
was drafted later in 1918 and served stateside until the war ended in
November.)
Perhaps
his most famous anti-war poem is “plato
told”. It skewers those who will not heed the warnings of Greek
philosophers, Jewish teachers or American generals that war is not anything to
be sought. (It also nails the businessman who’s perfectly happy to profit by
trading with the enemy, especially since neither he nor his sons will be headed
in harm’s way.)
“next
to of course god america” goes more directly after those who preach the gospel
of glory; the ones who give the fieriest speeches in hoarse voices, urging
someone else’s sons to go to war. The ones who—for one reason or another (could
be draft deferments for bone spurs, or “critical” business interests)—never actually
have to carry a carbine at the front. Looking at how cummings jams all the clichés
of bloviating politicians together, you can just see the red-faced, over-fed
politician standing at a podium, sweating copious amounts into his wrinkled
suit as he makes his tired case.
The
only thing missing is the chants of the audience.
“next
to of course god america”
next to of course god
america i
love you land of the
pilgrims' and so forth oh
say can you see by the
dawn's early my
country 'tis of
centuries come and go
and are no more what of
it we should worry
in every language even
deafanddumb
thy sons acclaim your
glorious name by gorry
by jingo by gee by gosh
by gum
why talk of beauty what
could be more beaut-
iful than these heroic
happy dead
who rushed like lions to
the roaring slaughter
they did not stop to
think they died instead
then shall the voice of
liberty be mute?
He spoke. And drank
rapidly a glass of water
* *
* *
The
second poem for today isn’t related to the war, but it certainly speaks to the
kind of disbelief experienced the majority of Americans in the past few months
as we watched other Americans show up to political rallies waving swastikas and
Confederate flags, screaming threats of violence to any who expressed anything
less than complete agreement, and who in effect decided that a few racist,
xenophobic and misogynistic slogans outweighed not only an actual political
platform, but also basic human decency.
If you
don’t see how last November’s election was blacking the boots of success
without asking whose souls hang from its watch-chain, or pawning intelligence
to buy a drink, I cannot help you.
(Look
at how he’s structured the first two lines of each iteration of “humanity”,
carefully changing the emphasis by where he places the words at the end of the first line.)
“Humanity
i love you”
Humanity
i love you
because
you would rather black the boots of
success
than enquire whose soul dangles from his
watch-chain
which would be embarrassing for both
parties and because you
unflinchingly
applaud all
songs
containing the words country home and
mother
when sung at the old howard
Humanity i love you because
when
you’re hard up you pawn your
intelligence
to buy a drink and when
you’re
flush pride keeps
you
from the pawn shop and
because
you are continually committing
nuisances
but more
especially
in your own house
Humanity i love you because you
Humanity i love you because you
are
perpetually putting the secret of
life
in your pants and forgetting
it’s
there and sitting down
on it
on it
and
because you are
forever
making poems in the lap
of
death Humanity
i
hate you
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